DEFINITION

Acute Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix that is a result of blockage of the appendix with bowel matter, which causes it to become infected and filled with pus.

DESCRIPTION

The signs and symptoms of Acute Appendicitis can include sudden abdominal pain in the area of the bellybutton or upper abdomen, that is followed by nausea and vomiting. The abdominal pain can become extreme over the lower, right side of the abdomen and this area can become very tender to the touch. There may also be reduced bowel movements (i.e. constipation) or in rare cases, diarrhoea.

These signs and symptoms usually develop over a period of 24 to 48 hours. It is very important that a person with these signs and symptoms seek urgent medical attention, because their condition can worsen to the point where the appendix forms an abscess or even bursts, which spreads the infection throughout the entire abdominal area. This causes a condition called peritonitis, which is a serious condition that, if not treated in time, can be deadly. It is also important that if Appendicitis is suspected, no foods, fluids or even medications (e.g. pain-relievers or laxatives) be given, as these can worsen the condition or make the diagnosis more difficult.

CAUSE

The reason why certain people develop Appendicitis and others do not is not well established, but there is some evidence that a low-fibre diet may increase the risks of children developing Appendicitis.

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Always consult your Doctor for the diagnosis and treatment of Appendicitis. Treatment usually involves urgent surgery to remove the infected appendix. This operation is called an appendectomy . If the operation is performed early enough, it is generally a straightforward procedure and post-surgical recovery is quite fast. In many cases, a surgical technique known as laparoscopy is used. Rather than having to open the abdomen to remove the appendix, in laparoscopy a small hole is made just below the belly button and a tube is inserted to remove the infected tissue. This procedure is safer and involves a shorter recovery period than more invasive techniques. Antibiotics are also given to stop any further infections. If the infection has spread to the surrounding intestines, then the surgery may involve removal of not only the appendix but also the surrounding area.

PHARMACIST'S ADVICE

Ask your Pharmacist for advice.
1) Following surgery, a diet of fluids is recommended, with a gradual progression to soft solids. Your Pharmacy stocks a range of nutritious drink supplements such as B>Sustagen. Your Pharmacist can recommend a product that suits your needs.
2) Your Doctor may prescribe medication to manage any post-surgical pain. If you have any queries about these medications, ask your Pharmacist for advice.

DIET HINTS

After surgery for Appendicitis, intravenous fluids are given to maintain water and salt levels in the body. No food or drink can be consumed until about 24 to 48 hours after the procedure, as the intestines need time to recover before being able to resume their normal, digestive functions. At first, solid foods should be avoided in favour of a diet of fluids and then a slow progression to soft foods should be made. Nutritious fluids such as protein drinks can provide many essential nutrients, while being gentle on the intestines.

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